Policy

The near-total shutdown of Strait of Hormuz shipping has removed roughly one-fifth of global oil supply from the market, inflicting acute losses on Gulf exporters while handing billions in windfall revenue to Russia. This analysis traces the economic cascade from Iran's asymmetric naval strategy through to the policy imperatives now facing Western decision-makers, including pipeline diversification and the uncomfortable calculus of a post-status-quo energy order.

Screening is the first step for third-country nationals who enter the EU without meeting entry conditions